HTRF® Immunoassays

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HTRF® immunoassays are structured on the same basic principle as conventional antibody-based detection systems. They are subdivided into two categories:




Sandwich assays:

 
  • Sandwich assays can only be used when the molecule of interest has two distinct binding sites for antibodies.
  • HTRF® sandwich assays use two antibodies coupled to Eu3+ or Tb2+ Cryptate and to an acceptor (i.e. XL665 or d2).
  • The two conjugates bind to the antigen when present in the sample, thereby generating FRET. Signal intensity is proportional to the number of Ab-Ag complexes formed, and therefore to Ag concentration.
  • The specific signal modulates positively in proportion to Ag concentration.




Immunocompetitive assays:

 

  • These assays are designed to assess molecules that are too small to allow the binding of two antibodies.
  • The assay components consist of an acceptor - conjugate generally made of purified antigen, and its respective Ab coupled to Eu3+ or Tb2+ Cryptate.
  • The Ag present in the sample competes for binding with the labeled antibody and thereby prevents FRET from occurring.
  • FRET intensity decreases with the amount of dissociated Ab-Ag complexes (i.e. inversely proportional to Ag concentration)
  • The specific signal modulates negatively, inversely proportional to Ag concentration




HTRF® Immunoassays